Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: A Treasure of Bioactive Compounds from the Deep Sea

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9111556

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bioactive compounds from deep-sea Cnidaria.

Article Snippet: Aegina citrea , Citotoxicity test against Leukemia L1210 cells , 200–1000 m Sagami Bay , IC 50 = 100 mg/mL , [ ] .

Techniques: Activity Assay, Suspension

Journal: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

Article Title: Combined antitumoral effects of pretubulysin and methotrexate

doi: 10.1002/prp2.460

Figure Lengend Snippet: Combination effect of pretubulysin ( PT ) and methotrexate ( MTX ) on cultured L1210 cells but not KB cells. Cell viability and IC50 values of drug‐treated (A) L1210 cells and (B) KB cells. Cell viability was measured with an MTT assay after 72 hours treatment and is presented as the mean + SD (n = 5) in % relative to buffer (HEPES buffered glucose) treated cells. c (nmol L −1 ) refers to the concentration of PT, the concentration is 3‐fold higher for MTX, due to the 1:3 molar drug ratio (** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001)

Article Snippet: L1210 cells (0.5 × 10 6 cells in 150 μL PBS) were injected subcutaneously into the left flank of female 6‐week‐old mice, RJ: NMRI‐nu (nu/nu) (Janvier, Le‐Genest‐St‐Isle, France) after a minimum of 7 days of acclimation time prior to experiments.

Techniques: Cell Culture, MTT Assay, Concentration Assay

Journal: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

Article Title: Combined antitumoral effects of pretubulysin and methotrexate

doi: 10.1002/prp2.460

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell cycle analysis of drug‐treated cells. (A) L1210 cells and (B) KB cells were treated with HEPES buffered glucose (HBG) buffer control, 200 nmol L −1 pretubulysin ( PT ), 600 nmol L −1 methotrexate ( MTX ), or the combination PT + MTX (200 + 600 nmol L −1 ). Cells were incubated for 24 hours, respectively 48 hours. Cells were stained with propidium iodide and analyzed by flow cytometry. Treatments were performed in triplicates (mean + SD; n = 3; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001)

Article Snippet: L1210 cells (0.5 × 10 6 cells in 150 μL PBS) were injected subcutaneously into the left flank of female 6‐week‐old mice, RJ: NMRI‐nu (nu/nu) (Janvier, Le‐Genest‐St‐Isle, France) after a minimum of 7 days of acclimation time prior to experiments.

Techniques: Cell Cycle Assay, Control, Incubation, Staining, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

Article Title: Combined antitumoral effects of pretubulysin and methotrexate

doi: 10.1002/prp2.460

Figure Lengend Snippet: Apoptosis in drug‐treated L1210 cells (A) or KB cells (B). Cells were treated with control buffer HEPES buffered glucose (HBG), pretubulysin ( PT ), methotrexate ( MTX ), or PT + MTX and incubated for 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively. Cells were stained with annexin V‐FITC and propidium iodide and analyzed by flow cytometry. Treatments were performed in triplicates (mean + SD; n = 3; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001). Q1: Annexin V‐FITC–/PI+; Q2: Annexin V‐FITC+/PI+; Q3: Annexin V‐FITC+/PI–; Q4: Annexin V‐FITC–/PI–

Article Snippet: L1210 cells (0.5 × 10 6 cells in 150 μL PBS) were injected subcutaneously into the left flank of female 6‐week‐old mice, RJ: NMRI‐nu (nu/nu) (Janvier, Le‐Genest‐St‐Isle, France) after a minimum of 7 days of acclimation time prior to experiments.

Techniques: Control, Incubation, Staining, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

Article Title: Combined antitumoral effects of pretubulysin and methotrexate

doi: 10.1002/prp2.460

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fluorescence microscopy images of drug‐treated L1210 (A) or KB (B) cells. DNA was stained with DAPI (blue), the F‐actin was stained with phalloidin‐rhodamine (red) and tubulin was visualized using an α‐tubulin primary antibody and an AlexaFluor 488 coupled secondary antibody (green). Pictures show the merged staining, scale bar is 25 μm

Article Snippet: L1210 cells (0.5 × 10 6 cells in 150 μL PBS) were injected subcutaneously into the left flank of female 6‐week‐old mice, RJ: NMRI‐nu (nu/nu) (Janvier, Le‐Genest‐St‐Isle, France) after a minimum of 7 days of acclimation time prior to experiments.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Microscopy, Staining

Journal: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

Article Title: Combined antitumoral effects of pretubulysin and methotrexate

doi: 10.1002/prp2.460

Figure Lengend Snippet: Treatment of subcutaneous L1210 tumors. (A) Tumor volume of subcutaneous L1210 tumors throughout the experiment (mean + SEM; n = 4; * P = 0.0293). Curves end when the first animal is sacrificed, respectively. Animals were treated intravenously with 250 μL of HEPES buffered glucose (HBG), methotrexate ( MTX ) (5 mg kg −1 ), pretubulysin ( PT ) (2 mg kg −1 ) or PT+MTX (2 + 5 mg kg −1 ). (B) Comparison of tumor volumes on day 13 after tumor cell inoculation (mean + SEM; n = 4; * P = 0.0132, ** P < 0.01)

Article Snippet: L1210 cells (0.5 × 10 6 cells in 150 μL PBS) were injected subcutaneously into the left flank of female 6‐week‐old mice, RJ: NMRI‐nu (nu/nu) (Janvier, Le‐Genest‐St‐Isle, France) after a minimum of 7 days of acclimation time prior to experiments.

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

Article Title: Combined antitumoral effects of pretubulysin and methotrexate

doi: 10.1002/prp2.460

Figure Lengend Snippet: Combination effect of pretubulysin ( PT ) and methotrexate ( MTX ) on cultured L1210 cells but not KB cells. Cell viability and IC50 values of drug‐treated (A) L1210 cells and (B) KB cells. Cell viability was measured with an MTT assay after 72 hours treatment and is presented as the mean + SD (n = 5) in % relative to buffer (HEPES buffered glucose) treated cells. c (nmol L −1 ) refers to the concentration of PT, the concentration is 3‐fold higher for MTX, due to the 1:3 molar drug ratio (** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001)

Article Snippet: L1210 leukemia cells (kindly provided by Prof. Philip S. Low, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, USA) and KB cervix carcinoma cells (ATCC; Wesel, Germany) were chosen for the following experiments.

Techniques: Cell Culture, MTT Assay, Concentration Assay

Journal: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

Article Title: Combined antitumoral effects of pretubulysin and methotrexate

doi: 10.1002/prp2.460

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell cycle analysis of drug‐treated cells. (A) L1210 cells and (B) KB cells were treated with HEPES buffered glucose (HBG) buffer control, 200 nmol L −1 pretubulysin ( PT ), 600 nmol L −1 methotrexate ( MTX ), or the combination PT + MTX (200 + 600 nmol L −1 ). Cells were incubated for 24 hours, respectively 48 hours. Cells were stained with propidium iodide and analyzed by flow cytometry. Treatments were performed in triplicates (mean + SD; n = 3; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001)

Article Snippet: L1210 leukemia cells (kindly provided by Prof. Philip S. Low, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, USA) and KB cervix carcinoma cells (ATCC; Wesel, Germany) were chosen for the following experiments.

Techniques: Cell Cycle Assay, Control, Incubation, Staining, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

Article Title: Combined antitumoral effects of pretubulysin and methotrexate

doi: 10.1002/prp2.460

Figure Lengend Snippet: Apoptosis in drug‐treated L1210 cells (A) or KB cells (B). Cells were treated with control buffer HEPES buffered glucose (HBG), pretubulysin ( PT ), methotrexate ( MTX ), or PT + MTX and incubated for 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively. Cells were stained with annexin V‐FITC and propidium iodide and analyzed by flow cytometry. Treatments were performed in triplicates (mean + SD; n = 3; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001). Q1: Annexin V‐FITC–/PI+; Q2: Annexin V‐FITC+/PI+; Q3: Annexin V‐FITC+/PI–; Q4: Annexin V‐FITC–/PI–

Article Snippet: L1210 leukemia cells (kindly provided by Prof. Philip S. Low, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, USA) and KB cervix carcinoma cells (ATCC; Wesel, Germany) were chosen for the following experiments.

Techniques: Control, Incubation, Staining, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

Article Title: Combined antitumoral effects of pretubulysin and methotrexate

doi: 10.1002/prp2.460

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fluorescence microscopy images of drug‐treated L1210 (A) or KB (B) cells. DNA was stained with DAPI (blue), the F‐actin was stained with phalloidin‐rhodamine (red) and tubulin was visualized using an α‐tubulin primary antibody and an AlexaFluor 488 coupled secondary antibody (green). Pictures show the merged staining, scale bar is 25 μm

Article Snippet: L1210 leukemia cells (kindly provided by Prof. Philip S. Low, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, USA) and KB cervix carcinoma cells (ATCC; Wesel, Germany) were chosen for the following experiments.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Microscopy, Staining

Journal: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives

Article Title: Combined antitumoral effects of pretubulysin and methotrexate

doi: 10.1002/prp2.460

Figure Lengend Snippet: Treatment of subcutaneous L1210 tumors. (A) Tumor volume of subcutaneous L1210 tumors throughout the experiment (mean + SEM; n = 4; * P = 0.0293). Curves end when the first animal is sacrificed, respectively. Animals were treated intravenously with 250 μL of HEPES buffered glucose (HBG), methotrexate ( MTX ) (5 mg kg −1 ), pretubulysin ( PT ) (2 mg kg −1 ) or PT+MTX (2 + 5 mg kg −1 ). (B) Comparison of tumor volumes on day 13 after tumor cell inoculation (mean + SEM; n = 4; * P = 0.0132, ** P < 0.01)

Article Snippet: L1210 leukemia cells (kindly provided by Prof. Philip S. Low, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, USA) and KB cervix carcinoma cells (ATCC; Wesel, Germany) were chosen for the following experiments.

Techniques: Comparison